Tomato mottle mosaic virus – a new threat to vegetable production. Results of the evaluation of serodiagnosis for its detection

In the past few years, the Russian Federation has seen an active development of protected ground enterprises specializing in the cultivation of vegetable crops, mainly tomatoes. Successful tomato production is influenced by a number of climatic and biological factors. Tomato plants are infected by more than 200 different pests and pathogens. Plant viral diseases are an important limiting factor for many branches of crop production, including vegetable growing. The development of molecular genetic diagnosis methods has made it possible to identify and describe new viral phytopathogens unknown until recently, for example, representatives of the genus Tobamovirus – Tomato brown rugose fruit virus, ToBRFV, and Tomato mottle mosaic virus, ToMMV. The article presents an overview of scientific information about ToMMV, methods of its diagnostics, as well as an assessment of the applicability of the kit for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This phytopathogen is new, little studied, though very dangerous, causing significant losses in vegetable crops in the countries of its distribution. Controlling viral diseases is quite difficult, therefore, the earliest possible identification and elimination of virus sources is a very important prerequisite for preventing their spread to new territories. Accurate identification of viruses down to the species level is critical to prevent the introduction and reduce the severity of viral diseases. Currently, there are some difficulties in the differentiation of the genus Tobamovirus viruses during diagnosis, associated with the similarity of the morphology of viral particles and the manifestation of a cross-reaction of antibodies.

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