Prospects for the application of irradiation for stored product pest control
https://doi.org/10.69536/u8906-0079-0762-a
Abstract
Irradiation has been tested against stored product pests since 1912. Subsequently, many experiments were carried out to study the effect of ionizing radiation on insects. However, these works did not give a practical way out due to the lack of sufficiently powerful radiation sources.
Currently, the maximum absorbed dose of radiation is 1000 Gy, which made it possible to test this method with higher radiation doses.
According to the standards of the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), irradiation disinfection of fruits and vegetables from tropical and subtropical pests is carried out. However, there are no recommendations for stored product pest control.
Ionizing radiation doses from 6 to 20 krads cause sterilization of stored product pests, including such a stable quarantine species as the khapra beetle (males and females). Radiation treatment with high doses from 364 to 1000 Gy causes the death of the rice weevil after three days, and the confused flour beetle – after a time interval of up to 30 days.
Sterilized pests continue to cause damage to regulated products, as it is a food base for them. Sterilized, but not devitalized, pests also damage the quality of regulated products, contaminating it with molting skins and waste products.
Quarantine phytosanitary treatments from stored product pests require their devitalization immediately after processing, therefore, irradiation, which provides only sterilization, cannot be widely used to protect regulated products and quarantine objects from stock pests.
The widespread use of this method is also handicapped by its high cost.
About the Authors
Ya. B. Mordkovich
FGBU “All-Russian Plant Quarantine Center” (FGBU “VNIIKR”)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Yakov Mordkovich, Leading Researcher, Treatment Department
Bykovo, Urban district Ramensky, Moscow Oblast, 140150
L. I. Baranova
FGBU “All-Russian Plant Quarantine Center” (FGBU “VNIIKR”)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Lubov Baranova, Specialist, Education and Methodology Department
Bykovo, Urban district Ramensky, Moscow Oblast, 140150
References
1. Danilov P.V., Zhiganov K.V., Pronin A.V. The use of ionizing radiation in industry, medicine and other areas [Ispol’zovaniye ioniziruyushchikh izlucheniy v promyshlennosti, meditsine i drugikh oblastyakh] // Young scientist. 2016. No. 23 (127). P. 40–44. (In Russ.)
2. Dolzhenko V.I. To increase the phytosanitary safety of the Russian Federation [Povysit fitosanitarnuyu bezopasnost Rossiyskoy Federatsii] // Plant Health and Quarantine. 2021. No. 2. P. 4–7. (In Russ.)
3. Zakladnoy G.A. Measures to combat pests of grain and products of its processing abroad [Mery borby s vreditelyami zerna i produktov yego pererabotki za rubezhom]. M.: TsNIITEI Mingaz USSR, 1970, 48 p. (In Russ.)
4. Zakladnoy G.A., Ratanova V.F. Pests of grain storages and measures to control them [Vrediteli khlebnykh zapasov i mery bor’by s nimi]. Moscow: Kolos, 1973, 277 p. (In Russ.)
5. International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures ISPM No. 18 “Guidelines for the use of irradiation as a phytosanitary measure”, 2008, 25 p.
6. Decision of the Council of the Eurasian Economic Commission dated November 30, 2016 No. 157 “On approval of the Common quarantine phytosanitary requirements for regulated products and regulated objects at the customs border and on the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union”, paragraph 4.
Review
For citations:
Mordkovich Ya.B., Baranova L.I. Prospects for the application of irradiation for stored product pest control. Plant Health and Quarantine. 2023;(3):60-64. https://doi.org/10.69536/u8906-0079-0762-a
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