Seedling resistance of wheat to leaf diseases in the Volga region (Russia)
https://doi.org/10.69536/FKR.2025.18.13.002
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important grain crops for humans. In Russia, the main grain-producing regions are Western Siberia, Krasnodar Krai, and the Volga region. Diseases caused by fungal pathogens, such as stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) and tan spot (caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis), significantly reduce wheat yields. This study assessed the seedling resistance of 92 spring bread wheat cultivars grown in the Volga region to two populations of P. graminis f. sp. tritici (Chelyabinsk population of the fungus of 2024 and Chuvashia population of 2025) and two populations of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Tambov population of 2024 and Penza population of 2025) under laboratory conditions. Also, the identification of genes for resistance to stem rust (Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, Sr28, Sr31, Sr36, Sr38, Sr57, Sr1A1R) and the dominant allele of the gene for susceptibility to tan spot - Tsn1 were carried out using molecular markers. It was shown that 26 cultivars (28.2%) were resistant to the Chelyabinsk population of stem rust, and 50 cultivars (54.3%) to the Chuvashia population of the fungus. A total of 21 cultivars (22.8%) were resistant to both populations of the stem rust. 15.2% of cultivars were moderately resistant to the Tambov population of tan spot, while 2.2% of cultivars were resistant. 34.7% of cultivars were moderately resistant to the Penza population of the fungus, while 47.8% of cultivars were resistant. Eleven cultivars (11.9%) were moderately resistant to both populations of the tan spot, while 2 cultivars, Ekada 253 and Skirda, were resistant, which accounted for 2.1% of the total number of cultivars. The following genes were identified in the cultivars: Sr31, Sr24, Sr25, Sr28, Sr38, Sr57, Sr1A1R, and Tsn1. Promising cultivars with group resistance were identified: 100 years of TASSR (Sr31, Tsn1), Kanyuk (Sr24+Sr1A1R, tsn1), Ekada 253 (Sr31, tsn1) and Ekada 258 (Sr31, tsn1).
Supporting agencies: The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 25-16-00287 https://ias.rscf.ru/ext/shot/10457251
About the Authors
O. A. Baranova
All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Olga Baranova, PhD in Biology, Leading Researcher
St. Petersburg, 196608
T. R. Rastorgueva
All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR); Saint Petersburg State University
(SPbSU)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Taisia Rastorgueva, 2nd-year Master's student, Faculty of Biology; laboratory assistant – researcher
St. Petersburg, 196608
Saint Petersburg, 199034
N. M. Kovalenko
All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nadezhda Kovalenko, PhD in Biology, Leading Researcher
St. Petersburg, 196608
N. V. Mironenko
All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nina Mironenko, Advanced Doctor of Biology, Leading Researcher
St. Petersburg, 196608
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Review
For citations:
Baranova O.A., Rastorgueva T.R., Kovalenko N.M., Mironenko N.V. Seedling resistance of wheat to leaf diseases in the Volga region (Russia). Plant Health and Quarantine. 2025;(4):14-22. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.69536/FKR.2025.18.13.002
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