Results of monitoring spring wheat grain in Tomsk Oblast in 2024

The article presents the monitoring results of the quality of spring wheat grain cultivated in seven districts of Tomsk Oblast in 2024. 384 grain samples were examined for 14 quality indicators, using standard research methods. The wheat class was determined by the worst value of one of the indicators. As a result of the studies, it was found that the bulk of the 2024 wheat harvest belongs to class 5, which is due to the unfavorable weather conditions that developed in Tomsk Oblast during harvesting. During the herbological analysis of grain samples carried out by the visual method, diaspores of 46 weed species were isolated and identified. The most common species, the diaspores of which were detected in the samples of most districts, are Avena fatua L., Cannabis sativa L., Chenopodium album L., Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv., Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski, Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn., Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Á. Löve, Galeopsis sp., Galium vaillantii DC., Panicum miliaceum ssp. ruderale (Kitag.) Tzvelev, Persicaria lapathifolia (L.) Delarbre s.l., Setaria pumila (Poir.) Schult., Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv., Stachys palustris L., Vicia cracca L. Some of the detected species (Conium maculatum L., Echinochloa crus-galli, Echium vulgare L. and Vicia hirsuta (L.) Gray) belong to the invasive plants in Tomsk Oblast. During the herbological analysis of spring wheat grain samples from the 2024 harvest, no diaspores of quarantine weeds included in the Common List of Quarantine Pests of the EAEU, as well as weeds regulated in wheat grain by the phytosanitary requirements of the People’s Republic of China – the main importer of Tomsk grain, were identified.

1. GOST 13586.3-2015 Grain. Acceptance rules and sampling methods. M.: Standinform, 2019, 17 p.

2. GOST 34702-2020 wheat is bakery. Specifications. M.: Standinform, 2020. 15 p.

3. GOST 9353-2016 Wheat. Specifications. M.: Standinform, 2016, 15 p.

4. GOST R 71208-2024 Grain. Determination of humidity, protein, the amount of gluten by spectroscopy in the near infrared region. M.: Russian Institute of Standardization, 2014. 10 p.

5. Dobrokhotov V.N. Weed seeds [Semena sornykh rasteniy]. M.: Agriculture, 1961, 414 p. (In Russ.)

6. Zharkova S.V. Grain quality of spring soft wheat depending on cultivation conditions [Kachestvo zerna yarovoy myagkoy pshenitsy v zavisimosti ot usloviy vozdelyvaniya]. International Journal of Humanities and Natural Sciences № 9-1 (48). DOI 10.24411/2500-1000-2020-10973 (In Russ.)

7. Ionova E.V., Likhovidova V.A., Lobunskaya I.A. Drought and the hydrothermal coefficient of moistening as one of the criteria for assessing the degree of its intensity (literature review) [Zasukha i gidrotermicheskiy koeffitsiyent uvlazhneniya kak odin iz kriteriyev otsenki stepeni yeye intensivnosti] // Grain Economy of Russia. 2019; 6: 18-22. DOI: 10.31367/2079-8725-2019-66-6-18-22 (In Russ.)

8. Krupnov V.A., Krupnova O.V. Approaches to improving the quality of wheat grain: breeding for falling number [Podkhody po uluchsheniyu kachestva zerna pshenitsy: selektsiya na chislo padeniya] // Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2015; 19(5): 604–612. DOI 10.18699/VJ15.077 (In Russ.)

9. Maysuryan N.A., Atabekova A.I. Identification key to weed seeds and fruits [Opredelitel’ semyan i plodov sornykh rasteni]. M.: Kolos, 1978, 288 p. (In Russ.)

10. Moskalenko G.P., Yudin B.I. Atlas of weed seeds and fruits detected in quarantine cargoes and materials [Atlas semyan i plodov sornykh rasteniy, vstrechayushchikhsya v podkarantinnykh gruzakh i materialakh]. Moscow: Scientific Publications Partnership KMK, 1999, 264 p. (In Russ.)

11. Rubets V.S. et al. The influence of meteorological conditions on the quality of spring wheat grain (Triticum L.) [Vliyaniye meteorologicheskikh usloviy na kachestvo zerna yarovoy pshenitsy (Triticum L.)] / Rubets V.S., Voronchikhina I.N., Pylnev V.V., Voronchikhin V.V., Marenkova A.G. // Bulletin of the Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. 2021; 5: 89–108. DOI: 10.26897/0021-342X-2021-5-89-108 (In Russ.)

12. Selyaninov G.T. On agricultural climate assessment [O selskokhozyaystvennoy otsenke klimata] // Works on agricultural meteorology. 1928; 20: 165–177. (In Russ.)

13. Landscape-based farming systems of Tomsk Oblast [Sistemy zemledeliya Tomskoy oblasti na landshaftnoy osnove] . Part 1. / D.A. Savelyeva, A.B. Sainakova, O.V. Litvinchuk et al. Tomsk: SibNIISKhIT – branch of SFNCA RAS, 2018, 266 p. (In Russ.)

14. Varietal zoning of agricultural crops approved for use in Tomsk Oblast for 2022 and the results of variety testing for 2019–2021. Tomsk, 2022, 68 p. (In Russ.)

15. Sukholozova E.A., Safonov A.V., Sukholozov E.A. Study of weeds in wheat grown in Penza Oblast to assess the export potential of the region // Plant Health and Quarantine. 2022; 2 (10): 14–24. DOI: 10.69536/p6953-2144-3784-x

16. Chaplygin M.P., Guseinbekov A.Yu., Petina V.V. The species composition of weed seeds and fruits in regulated articles from the central districts of Stavropol Krai// Plant Health and Quarantine. 2024; 1 (17): 56–63.

17. The Black Book of Siberian Flora / scientific editor Yu.K. Vinogradova, responsible editor A.N. Kupriyanov. Novosibirsk: academic publishing house «Geo», 2016, 440 p. (In Russ.)

18. Shatalina L.P. et al. Grain quality of spring soft wheat in the northern forest-steppe of the Southern Urals [Kachestvo zerna yarovoy myagkoy pshenitsy v severnoy lesostepi Yuzhnogo Urala] / Shatalina L.P., Anisimov Yu.B., Moshkina Yu.S., Lopukhov P.M., Kalyuzhina E.L. // Siberian Bulletin of Agricultural Science. 2025; 55:4: 5–15. DOI: 10.26898/0370-8799-2025-4-1. (In Russ.)

19. Shostak M.M., Tatarintsev V.L., Tatarintsev L.M. Changes in grain quality indicators of spring soft wheat in Altai Krai in a time lag [Izmeneniye pokazateley kachestva zerna yarovoy myagkoy pshenitsy v Altayskom kraye vo vremennom lage] // Bulletin of KrasGAU. 2023; 11: 139–148. DOI: 10.36718/1819-4036-2023-11-139-148. (In Russ.)

20. Shpanev A.M. Experimental base for remote sensing of phytosanitary condition of agroecosystems in the North-West of the Russian Federation [Eksperimental’naya baza dlya distantsionnogo zondirovaniya fitosanitarnogo sostoyaniya agroekosistem na Severo-Zapade RF] // Modern problems of remote sensing of the Earth from space. 2019; 16:3: 61–68. DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2019-16-3-61-68 (In Russ.)

21. Shumilov Yu.V. et al. Use of unmanned aerial vehicles for the purposes of phytosanitary monitoring of weeds [Ispol’zovaniye bespilotnykh letatel’nykh apparatov dlya tseley fitosanitarnogo monitoring v otnoshenii sornykh rasteniy] / Shumilov Yu.V., Luneva N.N., Ermoolenko S.A., Savva A.P., Zakota T.Yu., Mysnik E.N., Danilov R.Yu. // Bulletin of Plant Protection. 2018; 4 (98): 22–27. DOI: 10.31993/2308-6459-2018-4(98)-22-27 (In Russ.)

22. Ebel A.L., Mikhailova S.I., Ebel T.V. Distribution and some biological features of the alien species Eriochloa Villosa (Poaceae: Paniceae) in Siberia // Russian Journal of Biological Invasions. 2024; 17:2: 180–194. DOI: 10.35885/1996-1499-17-2-180-194 (In Russ.)

23. Ebel T.V., Mikhailova S.I. Invasive plant species in agrocenoses of Tomsk Oblast [Invazivnyye vidy rasteniy v agrotsenozakh Tomskoy oblasti] // In the collection: Problems of industrial botany of industrially developed regions. Proceedings of the reports of the VI International Conference. Kemerovo, 2021: 107–108. DOI: 10.53650/9785902305606_107 (In Russ.)

24. Ebel T.V., Mikhailova S.I. Weeds contaminating rape seeds grown in Western Siberia and phytosanitary risks associated with them// Plant Health and Quarantine. 2023; 3 (15): 15–24. DOI: 10.69536/w5518-0227-2664-j

25. Ebel T.V., Ebel A.L., Mikhailova S.I. Herbological expedition to the Tomsk region and Altai Krai // Plant Health and Quarantine. 2021; 1 (5): 49–64. DOI: 10.69536/fkr.2021.30.58.001

26. Governor Vladimir Mazur declared a state of emergency due to rains and crop failure | Department of Social and Economic Development of Rural Areas of Tomsk Oblast. URL: https://depagro.tomsk.gov.ru/news/front/view?id=139142 (last accessed: 24.04.2025).

27. Territorial body of the Federal State Statistics Service for Tomsk Oblast – Agriculture, hunting and forestry. URL: https://70.rosstat.gov.ru/folder/37240 (last accessed 22.05.2025).