Phytosanitary aspects of controlling Сonvolvulus arvensis L. (field bindweed) in regulated articles

Convolvulus arvensis L. (field bindweed) – a perennial root-suckering weed included in the phytosanitary requirements and quarantine lists of some countries in the Middle East and North America. In Russia, field bindweed is practically cosmopolitan, occupying vast territories from the southern steppes to temperate latitudes. Its distribution area coincides with key crop-growing regions, including the Volga region, the North Caucasus and the Central Black Earth Region, where it competes with grain and industrial crops. The deep root system (up to 2–3 meters) provides the weed with exceptional resistance to mechanical processing and most herbicides, and high seed productivity (up to 500 seeds per plant) and their durability (retain germination for up to 50 years) form an extensive soil bank of diaspores. This leads to long-term economic losses due to a decrease in yield by 20–30% and an increase in the cost of control measures for C. arvensis. Effective control requires multi-year integrated measures: a combination of crop rotation with competing crops (e.g., alfalfa), and targeted application of slow-release herbicides. Of particular importance is the control of bind-weed diaspores in regulated articles, including strict analysis of batches, registration of phytosanitary certificates and handling of cargo in order to prevent the unintentional introduction of the species into the weed free regions, where it can disrupt local natural ecosystems and agrocenoses. The paper considers phytosanitary aspects of grain exports with a possible risk of contamination with bindweed. For eight countries, bindweed is a quarantine or regulated pest. An original map of C. arvensis distribution in the Russian Federation has been compiled. A range of the main types of products contaminated with C. arvensis L. seeds has been identified and a list of regulated articles subject to laboratory examination to identify diaspores of this weed has been compiled.

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