Barley stripe mosaic virus – a serious pathogen affecting the export potential of the Russian Federation

The export of grain crops is an important part of the Russian economy. In connection with the international food crisis, grains are becoming a strategic raw material. The yield of grain crops depends on many factors, including the quality of seed material and plant resistance to numerous diseases. Barley stripe mosaic virus is a serious disease affecting grain crops, barley and wheat, and in experimental conditions – some other Poaceae and Amaranthaceae plants. This virus is included in the quarantine pest lists of many countries importing Russian grain, including the leaders in imports – Turkey and Egypt. The purpose of our studies was to evaluate diagnostic methods and compare the results obtained both during the applicability assessment and with real plant samples collected during scientific monitoring. The article presents an overview, a brief description of the virus, its peculiarities, as well as the results of testing modern detection and identification methods. During testing of test systems, positive controls and reference isolates of viruses that infect crops and potentially complicate diagnosis due to false positive results were used. The results of assessing the specificity and sensitivity of the test system for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed high sensitivity and specificity with all the viruses studied in the experiments, and therefore it was decided to conduct screening testing of grain crops selected during the study of the phytosanitary state of crops. A large number of seropositive samples were identified, which were subsequently subjected to testing by molecular methods – Russian test kits for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The test results showed that all seropositive samples did not confirm the presence of the target virus, and therefore it is necessary to conduct additional research into the causes of false positive reactions.

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