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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">phytosanitary</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фитосанитария. Карантин растений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Plant Health and Quarantine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-327X</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.69536/FKR.2025.18.13.002</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">phytosanitary-211</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕЛЕКЦИЯ И ГЕНЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BREEDING AND GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ювенильная устойчивость пшеницы к листостебельным болезням в Поволжье</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Seedling resistance of wheat to leaf diseases in the Volga region (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баранова Ольга Александровна, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник ВИЗР</p><p>г. Пушкин, г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Baranova, PhD in Biology, Leading Researcher</p><p>St. Petersburg, 196608</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baranova_oa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9577-8816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Расторгуева</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rastorgueva</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Расторгуева Таисия Руслановна, студентка 2-го курса магистратуры биологического факультета СПбГУ, лаборант-исследователь</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург, 196608</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург, 199034</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Taisia Rastorgueva, 2nd-year Master's student, Faculty of Biology; laboratory assistant – researcher</p><p>St. Petersburg, 196608</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rastorguevataya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9577-8816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коваленко Надежда Михайловна, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург, 196608</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda Kovalenko, PhD in Biology, Leading Researcher</p><p>St. Petersburg, 196608</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadyakov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3383-2973</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мироненко</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mironenko</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мироненко Нина Васильевна, доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург, Россия, 196608</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina Mironenko, Advanced Doctor of Biology, Leading Researcher</p><p>St. Petersburg, 196608</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nina2601mir@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт защиты растений» (ВИЗР)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт защиты растений» (ВИЗР); Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет (СПбГУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR); Saint Petersburg State University&#13;
(SPbSU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баранова О.А., Расторгуева Т.Р., Коваленко Н.М., Мироненко Н.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баранова О.А., Расторгуева Т.Р., Коваленко Н.М., Мироненко Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baranova O.A., Rastorgueva T.R., Kovalenko N.M., Mironenko N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://phytosanitary.vniikr.ru/jour/article/view/211">https://phytosanitary.vniikr.ru/jour/article/view/211</self-uri><abstract><p>Пшеница (Triticum aestivum L.) является одной из наиболее важных для человека зерновых культур. В России основные зернопроизводящие регионы – это Западная Сибирь, Краснодарский край и Поволжье. Значительному снижению урожая пшеницы способствуют заболевания, вызываемые грибными патогенами, такими как стеблевая ржавчина (возбудитель Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) и желтая пятнистость (возбудитель Pyrenophora tritici-repentis). В работе проведена оценка ювенильной устойчивости в лабораторных условиях 92 яровых сортов мягкой пшеницы, возделываемых на территории Поволжья, к двум популяциям P. graminis f. sp. tritici (челябинской популяции гриба 2024 года и чувашской популяции 2025 года) и двум популяциям Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (тамбовской популяции патогена 2024 года и пензенской популяции 2025 года), а также идентификация генов устойчивости к стеблевой ржавчине (Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, Sr28, Sr31, Sr36, Sr38, Sr57, Sr1A1R) и доминантной аллели гена восприимчивости к желтой пятнистости Tsn1 с помощью молекулярных маркеров. Показано, что к челябинской популяции стеблевой ржавчины были устойчивы 26 сортов (28,2%), к чувашской популяции гриба – 50 сортов (54,3%). К обеим популяциям возбудителя стеблевой ржавчины был устойчив 21 сорт (22,8%). К тамбовской популяции желтой пятнистости умеренно устойчивы 15,2% и устойчивы 2,2% сортов, к пензенской популяции гриба умеренно устойчивы 34,7% и устойчивы 47,8% сортов. К обеим популяциям возбудителя желтой пятнистости умеренно устойчивы 11 сортов (11,9%), устойчивы два сорта – Экада 253 и Скирда, что составило 2,1% от общего количества сортов. В сортах идентифицированы гены: Sr31, Sr24, Sr25, Sr28, Sr38, Sr57, Sr1A1R, Tsn1. Выделены перспективные сорта с групповой устойчивостью: 100 лет ТАССР (Sr31, Tsn1), Канюк (Sr24+Sr1A1R, tsn1), Экада 253 (Sr31, tsn1) и Экада 258 (Sr31, tsn1).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important grain crops for humans. In Russia, the main grain-producing regions are Western Siberia, Krasnodar Krai, and the Volga region. Diseases caused by fungal pathogens, such as stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) and tan spot (caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis), significantly reduce wheat yields. This study assessed the seedling resistance of 92 spring bread wheat cultivars grown in the Volga region to two populations of P. graminis f. sp. tritici (Chelyabinsk population of the fungus of 2024 and Chuvashia population of 2025) and two populations of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Tambov population of 2024 and Penza population of 2025) under laboratory conditions. Also, the identification of genes for resistance to stem rust (Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, Sr28, Sr31, Sr36, Sr38, Sr57, Sr1A1R) and the dominant allele of the gene for susceptibility to tan spot - Tsn1 were carried out using molecular markers. It was shown that 26 cultivars (28.2%) were resistant to the Chelyabinsk population of stem rust, and 50 cultivars (54.3%) to the Chuvashia population of the fungus. A total of 21 cultivars (22.8%) were resistant to both populations of the stem rust. 15.2% of cultivars were moderately resistant to the Tambov population of tan spot, while 2.2% of cultivars were resistant. 34.7% of cultivars were moderately resistant to the Penza population of the fungus, while 47.8% of cultivars were resistant. Eleven cultivars (11.9%) were moderately resistant to both populations of the tan spot, while 2 cultivars, Ekada 253 and Skirda, were resistant, which accounted for 2.1% of the total number of cultivars. The following genes were identified in the cultivars: Sr31, Sr24, Sr25, Sr28, Sr38, Sr57, Sr1A1R, and Tsn1. Promising cultivars with group resistance were identified: 100 years of TASSR (Sr31, Tsn1), Kanyuk (Sr24+Sr1A1R, tsn1), Ekada 253 (Sr31, tsn1) and Ekada 258 (Sr31, tsn1).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>яровые сорта мягкой пшеницы</kwd><kwd>ювенильная устойчивость</kwd><kwd>стеблевая ржавчина</kwd><kwd>желтая пятнистость</kwd><kwd>Sr-гены</kwd><kwd>Tsn1.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spring bread wheat cultivars</kwd><kwd>seedling resistance</kwd><kwd>stem rust</kwd><kwd>tan spot</kwd><kwd>Sr genes</kwd><kwd>Tsn1.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РНФ № 25-16-00287 https://ias.rscf.ru/ext/shot/10457251</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 25-16-00287 https://ias.rscf.ru/ext/shot/10457251</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баранова О.А., Сибикеев С.Н., Дружин А.Е., Созина И.Д. 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