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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">phytosanitary</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фитосанитария. Карантин растений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Plant Health and Quarantine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-327X</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.69536/FKR.2025.52.35.004</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">phytosanitary-196</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка и валидация методов диагностики вируса полосатой мозаики пшеницы (WSMV)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development and validation of diagnosis methods for wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Живаева</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhivaeva</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Живаева Татьяна Степановна - научный сотрудник научно-методического отдела вирусологии ФГБУ «ВНИИКР».</p><p>р. п. Быково, м. о. Раменский, Московская обл., 140150</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana S. Zhivaeva - Researcher, Research and Methodology Department of Virology FGBU “VNIIKR”.</p><p>Bykovo, Ramenskoye, Moscow Oblast, 140150</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhivaeva.vniikr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приходько</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prikhodko</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Приходько Юрий Николаевич - кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник научно-методического отдела вирусологии ФГБУ «ВНИИКР».</p><p>р. п. Быково, м. о. Раменский, Московская обл., 140150</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri N. Prikhodko - PhD in Agriculture, Leading Researcher, Research and Methodology Department of Virology, FGBU “VNIIKR”.</p><p>Bykovo, Ramenskoye, Moscow Oblast, 140150</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prihodko_yuri59@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лозовая</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lozovaya</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лозовая Евгения Николаевна - научный сотрудник отдела аспирантуры ФГБУ «ВНИИКР».</p><p>р. п. Быково, м. о. Раменский, Московская обл., 140150</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya N. Lozovaya - Researcher, Postgraduate Department, FGBU “VNIIKR”.</p><p>Bykovo, Ramenskoye, Moscow Oblast, 140150</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgeniyaf@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7565-1241</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шнейдер</surname><given-names>Ю. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shneyder</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шнейдер Юрий Андреевич - кандидат биологических наук, начальник научно-методического отдела вирусологии, ведущий научный сотрудник ФГБУ «ВНИИКР».</p><p>р. п. Быково, м. о. Раменский, Московская обл., 140150</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri A. Shneyder - PhD in Biology, Leading Researcher, Head of Research and Methodology Department of Virology, FGBU “VNIIKR”.</p><p>Bykovo, Ramenskoye, Moscow Oblast, 140150</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yury.shneyder@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Башкирова</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bashkirova</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Башкирова Ида Геннадьевна - кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник научно-методического отдела вирусологии ФГБУ «ВНИИКР».</p><p>р. п. Быково, м. о. Раменский, Московская обл., 140150</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ida G. Bashkirova - PhD in Biology, Researcher, Research and Methodology Department of Virology, FGBU “VNIIKR”.</p><p>Bykovo, Ramenskoye, Moscow Oblast, 140150</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bashkirovaid@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6474-8913</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каримова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karimova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каримова Елена Владимировна - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, начальник научно-методического отдела вирусологии и бактериологии ФГБУ «ВНИИКР».</p><p>р. п. Быково, м. о. Раменский, Московская обл., 140150</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Karimova - PhD in Biology, Senior Researcher, Head of Research and Methodology Department of Virology and Bacteriology, FGBU “VNIIKR”.</p><p>Bykovo, Ramenskoye, Moscow Oblast, 140150</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenavkar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Всероссийский центр карантина растений» (ФГБУ «ВНИИКР»)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FGBU “All-Russian Plant Quarantine Center” (FGBU “VNIIKR”)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Живаева Т.С., Приходько Ю.Н., Лозовая Е.Н., Шнейдер Ю.A., Башкирова И.Г., Каримова Е.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Живаева Т.С., Приходько Ю.Н., Лозовая Е.Н., Шнейдер Ю.A., Башкирова И.Г., Каримова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhivaeva T.S., Prikhodko Y.N., Lozovaya E.N., Shneyder Y.A., Bashkirova I.G., Karimova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://phytosanitary.vniikr.ru/jour/article/view/196">https://phytosanitary.vniikr.ru/jour/article/view/196</self-uri><abstract><p>Вирус полосатой мозаики пшеницы (Wheat streak mosaic virus, или Tritimovirus tritici; акроним – WSMV) является вредоносным патогеном пшеницы, кукурузы, овса, проса, ржи, сорго, тритикале, ячменя и многочисленных видов многолетних злаковых трав. Потери урожая пшеницы в результате заражения этим вирусом могут достигать 100%. WSMV распространяется контактным способом, с семенами и пшеничным завитушным клещом Aceria tosichella Keifer. Положение об отсутствии этого вируса содержится в фитосанитарных требованиях 16 стран – импортеров российской зерновой продукции.</p><p>Для разработки методических рекомендаций по выявлению и идентификации WSMV было проведено испытание трех тест-систем для ИФА ведущих фирм-производителей, четырех тест-систем для ПЦР в «реальном времени» (ОТ-ПЦР-РВ) и восьми пар праймеров для классической ОТ-ПЦР. Установлен достаточно высокий уровень специфичности к целевому объекту у тест-систем для ИФА к WSMV фирм Agdia, DSMZ и Loewe. Совпадения результатов серологических тестов с тест-системой фирмы Agdia и результатов молекулярных тестов составило 90,5–100%, что позволяет рекомендовать данную тест-систему для проведения скрининговых тестов на наличие WSMV. Установлено, что наборы реагентов для ПЦР-РВ к WSMV отечественных фирм-производителей могут быть рекомендованы для проведения скрининговых тестов на наличие WSMV при проведении фитосанитарного мониторинга посевов и для анализа семян зерновых культур, предназначенных для использования внутри Российской Федерации. Для анализа зерновой продукции, предназначенной для экспорта, альтернативой методу ИФА может являться тест в формате одноэтапной ОТ-ПЦР-РВ с праймерами и зондом WSMV F1/WSMV R1/ WSMV P. Для проведения подтверждающих тестов на наличие WSMV отработан протокол одноэтапной классической ОТ-ПЦР с праймерами PMB-70/ PMB-71, не уступающий по чувствительности тестам методом ПЦР в «реальном времени». Установлена возможность использования праймеров WSMV-F/WSMV-R и WSMVL2/WSMVR2 в качестве подтверждающих тестов. Для изучения генетических особенностей у выявляемых изолятов в качестве дополнительных тестов целесообразно использовать праймеры WSMV-CP-AM-F2/WSMV-CP-AM-R и WSMV-CP-Czech-F/WSMV-CP-Czech-R, которые амплифицируют полные последовательности нуклеотидов генов белка оболочки изолятов штаммов WSMV-D и WSMV-B соответственно.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Wheat streak mosaic virus, or Tritimovirus tritici; acronym – WSMV, is a harmful pest of wheat, corn, oats, millet, rye, sorghum, triticale, barley and numerous species of perennial cereal grasses. It can lead to wheat yield losses of up to 100%. WSMV is spread by contact, seed and the wheat curl mite Aceria tosichella Keifer. 16 countries importing Russian grain products include the absence of this virus as a prerequisite in the phytosanitary requirements.</p><p>To develop methodological guidelines for the detection and identification of WSMV, three ELISA test systems from leading manufacturers, four RT-PCR test systems in “real time” (real-time RT-PCR) and 8 pairs of primers for classical RT-PCR were tested. A sufficiently high level of specificity to the target object was established for the ELISA test systems for WSMV from Agdia, DSMZ and Loewe. The coincidence of the results of serological tests with the test system of Agdia and the results of molecular tests was 90.5–100%, which allows us to recommend this test system for screening tests for the presence of WSMV. It was established that reagent kits for RT-PCR to WSMV from Russian manufacturers can be recommended for screening tests for the presence of WSMV during phytosanitary monitoring of crops and for the analysis of grain seeds intended for use within the Russian Federation. For the analysis of grain products intended for export, an alternative to the ELISA method may be a test in the format of a 1-stage real-time RT-PCR with primers and probe WSMV F1/WSMV R1/WSMV P. For conducting confirmatory tests for the presence of WSMV, a protocol of 1-stage classical RT-PCR with primers PMB-70/PMB-71 has been developed, which is not inferior in sensitivity to tests using the PCR method in “real time”. The possibility of using primers WSMV-F/WSMV-R and WSMVL2/WSMVR2 as confirmatory tests has been established. To study the genetic characteristics of the detected isolates, it is advisable to use the primers WSMV-CP-AM-F2/WSMV-CP-AM-R and WSMV-CP-Czech-F/WSMV-CP-Czech-R as additional tests, which amplify the complete nucleotide sequences of the coat protein genes of the isolates of the WSMV-D and WSMV-B strains, respectively.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Wheat streak mosaic virus</kwd><kwd>ИФА</kwd><kwd>ПЦР</kwd><kwd>праймеры</kwd><kwd>секвенирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Wheat streak mosaic virus</kwd><kwd>ELISA</kwd><kwd>PCR</kwd><kwd>primers</kwd><kwd>sequencing</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования выполнены в рамках государственного задания (рег. № НИОКТР 123022100120-4).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the framework of the State assignment (Reg. 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