<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">phytosanitary</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фитосанитария. Карантин растений</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Plant Health and Quarantine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-327X</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.69536/FKR.2024.10.98.001</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">phytosanitary-167</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Симптоматология российских изолятов вируса шарки слив</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Symptomatology of Russian plum pox virus isolates</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приходько</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prikhodko</surname><given-names>Y. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Приходько Юрий Николаевич, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник научно-методического отдела вирусологии</p><p>р. п. Быково, г. о. Раменский, Московская обл., 140150</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri Prikhodko, PhD in Agriculture, Leading Researcher, Research and Methodology Department of Virology and Bacteriology</p><p>Bykovo, Ramenskoye, Moscow Oblast, 140150</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prihodko_yuri59@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Живаева</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhivaeva</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Живаева Татьяна Степановна, научный сотрудник научно-методического отдела вирусологии</p><p>р. п. Быково, г. о. Раменский, Московская обл., 140150</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana Zhivaeva, Researcher, Research and Methodology Department of Virology and Bacteriology</p><p>Bykovo, Ramenskoye, Moscow Oblast, 140150</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhivaeva.vniikr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7565-1241</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шнейдер</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shneyder</surname><given-names>Y. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шнейдер Юрий Андреевич, кандидат биологических наук, начальник научно-методического отдела вирусологии, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>р. п. Быково, г. о. Раменский, Московская обл., 140150</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri Shneyder, PhD in Biology, Senior Researcher, Head of Research and Methodology Department of Virology and Bacteriology</p><p>Bykovo, Ramenskoye, Moscow Oblast, 140150</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yury.shneyder@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Всероссийский центр карантина растений» (ФГБУ «ВНИИКР»)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FGBU “All-Russian Plant Quarantine Center” (FGBU “VNIIKR”)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>2</fpage><lpage>14</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Приходько Ю.Н., Живаева Т.С., Шнейдер Ю.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Приходько Ю.Н., Живаева Т.С., Шнейдер Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Prikhodko Y.N., Zhivaeva T.S., Shneyder Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://phytosanitary.vniikr.ru/jour/article/view/167">https://phytosanitary.vniikr.ru/jour/article/view/167</self-uri><abstract><p>Вирус шарки (оспы) слив (Plum pox virus, PPV) является самым вредоносным вирусным патогеном косточковых плодовых культур. PPV характеризуется высокой генетической вариабельностью и его мировая популяция подразделяется на 10 штаммов, представляющих собой монофилетические группы генетически близкородственных изолятов. Характерной особенностью популяции вируса шарки слив в Российской Федерации является наличие эндемичных штаммов и самое высокое в мире генетическое разнообразие, обусловленное присут­ствием 7 штаммов этого вируса (C, D, M, Rec, W, CR и CV) из 10 известных. Штаммы PPV различаются по антигенным и эпидемиологическим свойствам, кругу хозяев, географической распространенности и патогенности для различных видов косточковых культур. Вирус шарки слив вызывает на листьях и плодах косточковых культур различные типы симптомов, некоторые из которых являются достаточно видоспецифичными и могут иметь важное диагностическое значение при проведении обследований. Бессимптомные инфекции для PPV не характерны, но степень выраженности симптомов может существенно варьироваться в зависимости от вида растенияхозяина, штамма вируса, сезона и климатических условий. Для диагностики PPV разработаны надежные иммунохимические и молекулярные методы анализа, однако диагностика по симптомам по-прежнему является достаточно эффективным и недорогим способом первичного выявления растений, зараженных этим вирусом. В статье приводится анализ многолетних наблюдений по симптоматологии основных штаммов вируса шарки слив, распространенных в Российской Федерации. Констатировано, что наиболее легко диагностируемыми на всех косточковых культурах являются симптомы изолятов штамма D. Симптомы изолятов штамма W, как правило, маскируются во второй половине вегетационного сезона. Симптомы изолятов штаммов C и CR более интенсивно развиваются на корневой поросли растений вишни, и менее – на плодоносящих деревьях. Определяющее значение для эффективного выявления симптомов вируса шарки слив имеет проведение обследований в оптимальные сроки, которые приходятся на поздневесенний и раннелетний период.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Plum pox virus, PPV, is the most harmful viral pathogen of stone fruit crops. PPV is characterized by high genetic variability and its world population is divided into 10 strains, which are monophyletic groups of genetically closely related isolates. A characteristic feature of the PPV population in the Russian Federation is the presence of endemic strains and the highest genetic diversity in the world, due to the presence of 7 strains of this virus (PPV-C, PPV-D, PPV-M, PPV-Rec, PPV-W, PPV-CR and PPV-CV) out of 10 known. PPV strains vary in antigenic and epidemiological properties, host range, geographic distribution and pathogenicity for different stone fruit species. PPV causes different symptoms on the leaves and fruits of stone fruits, some of which are quite species-specific and can be of important diagnostic value during inspections. Asymptomatic infections are not typical for PPV, but the severity of symptoms can vary significantly depending on the host plant species, virus strain, season and climatic conditions. Reliable immunochemical and molecular analysis methods have been developed for diagnosing PPV, but symptom-based diagnosis is still a fairly effective and inexpensive way to initially identify plants infected with this virus. The article provides an analysis of long-term observations on the symptomatology of the main PPV strains common in the Russian Federation. It has been stated that the symptoms of PPV-D isolates are the most easily diagnosed on all stone fruit crops. The symptoms of PPV-W isolates, as a rule, are invisible in the second half of the growing season. Symptoms of PPV-C and PPV-CR isolates develop more intensively on the root shoots of cherry plants, and less on fruit-bearing trees. Conducting examinations at optimal times, which occur in late spring and early summer, is crucial for the effective identification of PPV symptoms.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>косточковые плодовые культуры</kwd><kwd>иммуноферментный анализ</kwd><kwd>полимеразная цепная реакция</kwd><kwd>праймеры</kwd><kwd>штаммы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stone fruit crops</kwd><kwd>enzyme-linked immunoassay</kwd><kwd>polymerase chain reaction</kwd><kwd>primers</kwd><kwd>strains</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Закубанский А.В., Шевелева А.А., Чирков С.Н. Молекулярно-биологические свойства новых изолятов вируса оспы сливы штамма Winona // Вестник Московского университета. Серия. 16. Биология. 2016. № 2. С. 8–12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakubanskiy A., Sheveleva A., Chirkov S. Molecular and biological characterization of novel isolates of plum pox virus strain Winona. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 16. Biologiya. 2016; 2:8-12. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приходько Ю.Н., Живаева Т.С., Шнейдер Ю.А. Скрининговые методы выявления комплекса штаммов вируса шарки слив (PPV) // Садоводство и виноградарство. 2019. №1. С. 36–42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prikhodko Y., Zhivaeva T., Shneyder Y. Screening methods to identify the complex of strains of Plum pox virus (PPV). Horticulture and viticulture. 2019; 1:36-42. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приходько Ю.Н., Живаева Т.С., Шнейдер Ю.А., Мазурин Е.С. Выявление нового штамма вируса шарки сливы на вишне в Поволжском регионе // Плодоводство и ягодоводство России (сборник науч. трудов ВСТИСП. М. 2012. Т.XXIX, часть 2. С.108–114.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prikhodko Y., Мazurin Е., Zhivaeva T., Shneyder Y. Finding of a new PPV strain in sour cherry in the Volga region // Russia’s Horticulture / All-Russia Selection and Technology Institute of Horticulture and Nursery, Collection of research papers. – 2012а. Т. XXIX, part 2. P. 108-114. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приходько Ю.Н., Живаева Т.С., Шнейдер Ю.А., Мазурин Е.С., Соколова Е.Е. Выявление штамма Winona вируса шарки слив (PPV) на косточковых культурах в Российской Федерации // Плодоводство и ягодоводство России (сборник науч. трудов ВСТИСП. М. 2012а. Т.XXX. С. 382–388.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prikhodko Y., Мazurin Е., Zhivaeva T., Shneyder Y. Sokolova Е. Detection of PPV Winona strain in stone fruit crops in the Russian Federation // Russia’s Horticulture / All-Russia Selection and Technology Institute of Horticulture and Nursery, Collection of research papers. Т. XXX. 2012б. P. 382-388. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приходько Ю.Н., Живаева Т.С., Шнейдер Ю.А., Морозова О.Н. Шарка на вишне в Российской Федерации: распространенность, диагностика, штаммы вируса// Биоресурсы и вирусы: Материалы VII международной конференции 10–13 сентября 2013 г. Киев. 83 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prikhodko Y., Zhivaeva T., Shneyder Y., Morozova O. Sharka on cherries in the Russian Federation: prevalence, diagnosis, virus strains // Bioresources and viruses: Proceedings of the VII international conference September 10–13, 2013 Kyiv. 83 s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приходько Ю.Н., Живаева Т.С., Шнейдер Ю.А., Морозова О.Н., Мазурин Е.С. Выявление в Российской Федерации нового штамма вируса шарки слив C herry R ussian (PPV-CR) // Карантин растений. 2013. № 2. С. 18–33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prikhodko Y., Zhivaeva T., Shneyder Y., Morozova O., Мazurin Е. A New Plum Pox Virus (PPV) Strain – Cherry Russian (PPV-CR) // Plant Protection and Quarantine. 2013; 2: 18–33.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Приходько Ю.Н., Мазурин Е.С., Живаева Т.С., Шнейдер Ю.А., Соколова Е.Е. Изучение штаммов вируса шарки сливы. Защита и карантин растений. 2011. № 11. С. 29–32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prikhodko Y., Мazurin Е., Zhivaeva T., Shneyder Y. Sokolova Е. Study of Plum Pox Virus strains // Plant Protection and Quarantine, 2011; 11:29-32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чирков С.Н., Приходько Ю.Н. Генетическое разнообразие и структура популяции вируса оспы (шарки) сливы в России // Сельскохозяйственная Биология. 2015. Т.50. №5. С. 529–539.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chirkov S., Prikhodko Y. Genetic diversity and population structure of plum pox virus in Russia // Agricultural Biology. 2015; 50-5: 529–539. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cambra M., Boscia D., Myrta A., Llacer G. Plum pox virus and estimated cost asociated with Sharka disease // EPPO Bull. 2006. Vol. 36. P. 202–204.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cambra M., Boscia D., Myrta A., Llacer G. Plum pox virus and estimated cost asociated with Sharka disease // EPPO Bull. 2006. Vol.36. P. 202–204.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Candresse T., Macquaire G., Lanneau M., Bousalem M., Quiot-Douine L., Quiot J.B., Dunez J. Analysis of plum pox virus variability and development of strain-specific PCR assays // Acta Horticulturae. 1995. № 386. – Р. 357–369.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Candresse T., Macquaire G., Lanneau M., Bousalem M., Quiot-Douine L., Quiot J.B., Dunez J. Analysis of plum pox virus variability and development of strain-specific PCR assays // Acta Horticulturae. 1995. № 386. – Р. 357–369.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chirkov S., Ivanov P., Sheveleva A. Detection and p artial m olecular c haracterization o f a typical plum pox virus isolates from naturally infected sour cherry // Arch. Virol. 2013. Vol. 158. P. 1383–1387.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chirkov S., Ivanov P., Sheveleva A. Detection and partial molecular characterization of atypical plum pox virus isolates from naturally infected sour cherry // Arch. Virol. 2013. Vol.158. P. 1383–1387.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chirkov S., Ivanov P., Sheveleva A., Kudryavtseva A ., M itrofanova I . M olecular c haracterization of Plum pox virus Rec isolates from Russia suggests a new insight into evolution of the strain // Virus Genes. 2018a. Vol. 54 (2). P. 328–332.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chirkov S., Ivanov P., Sheveleva A., Kudryavtseva A., Mitrofanova I. Molecular characterization of Plum pox virus Rec isolates from Russia suggests a new insight into evolution of the strain // Virus Genes. 2018a. Vol. 54 (2). P. 328–332.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chirkov S., Ivanov P., Sheveleva A., Kudryavtseva A., Prikhodko Y., Mitrofanova I. Occurrence and characterization of plum pox virus strain D isolates from European Russia and Crimea // Archives of Virology. 2016. Vol. 161. Р. 425–430.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chirkov S., Ivanov P., Sheveleva A., Kudryavtseva A., Prikhodko Y., Mitrofanova I. Occurrence and characterization of plum pox virus strain Disolates from European Russia and Crimea //Archives of Virology. 2016. Vol. 161. Р. 425–430.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chirkov S., Sheveleva A., Gasanova T., Kwon D., Sharko F., Osipov G. New cherry-adapted Plum pox virus phylogroups discovered in Russia // Plant Disease. 2022. Vol. 106. P. 2591–2600.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chirkov S., Sheveleva A., Gasanova T., Kwon D., Sharko F., Osipov G. New cherry-adapted Plum pox virus phylogroups discovered in Russia // Plant Disease. 2022. Vol.106. P. 2591–2600.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chirkov S., Sheveleva A., Ivanov P., Zakubanskiy A. Analysis of genetic diversity of Russian sour cherry Plum pox virus isolates provides evidence of a new strain // Plant Disease. 2018. Vol. 102. P. 569– 575.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chirkov S., Sheveleva A., Ivanov P., Zakubanskiy A. Analysis of genetic diversity of Russian sour cherry Plum pox virus isolates provides evidence of a new strain // Plant Disease. 2018. Vol.102. P. 569–575.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clemente – Moreno M.J., Hernandez J.A., Diaz Vivancos P. Sharka: how do plants respond to Plum pox virus infection? // J. Exp. Bot. 2015. Vol. 66. P. 25–35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clemente – Moreno M.J., Hernandez J.A., Diaz - Vivancos P. Sharka: how do plants respond to Plum pox virus infection? // J. Exp. Bot. 2015. Vol. 66. P. 25–35.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glasa M., Candresse T. Partial sequence analysis of an atypical Turkish isolate provides further information on the evolutionary history of Plum pox virus (PPV) // Virus Research. 2005. Vol. 108. P. 199–206.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glasa M., Candresse T. Partial sequence analysis of an atypical Turkish isolate provides further information on the evolutionary history of Plum pox virus (PPV) // Virus Research. 2005. Vol.108. P. 199–206.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glasa M., C andresse T . P lum p ox v irus (Potyviridae) // Reference Module in Life Sciences. – 2020. – doi: 10.1016/B978–0-12–809633-B.21242–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glasa M., Candresse T. Plum pox virus (Potyviridae) // Reference Module in Life Sciences. – 2020. – doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-B.21242-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glasa M., Malinowski T., Predajňa L., Pupola N., Dekena D., Michalczuk L., Candresse T. Sequence variability, recombination analysis, and specific detection of the W strain of Plum pox virus // Phytopathology. 2011. Vol. 101. P. 980–985.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glasa M., Malinowski T., Predajňa L., Pupola N., Dekena D., Michalczuk L., Candresse T. Sequence variability, recombination analysis, and specific detection of the W strain of Plum pox virus // Phytopathology. 2011. Vol.101. P. 980–985.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glasa M., Palkovics L., Komínek P., Labonne G., Pittnerova S., Kudela O., Candresse T., Šubr Z. Geographically and temporally distant natural recombinant isolates of Plum pox virus (PPV) are genetically very similar and form a unique PPV subgroup // Journal of General Virology. 2004. Vol. 85. P. 2671–2681.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glasa M., Palkovics L., Komínek P., Labonne G., Pittnerova S., Kudela O., Candresse T., Šubr Z. Geographically and temporally distant natural recombinant isolates of Plum pox virus (PPV) are genetically very similar and form a unique PPV subgroup // Journal of General Virology. 2004. Vol.85. P. 2671–2681.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glasa M., Prichodko Y., Z hivaeva T., S hneider Y., Predajňa L., Šubr Z., Candresse T. Complete and partial genome sequences of the unusual Plum pox virus (PPV) isolates from sour cherry in Russia suggest their classification to a new PPV strain // Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Virus and Other Transmissible Diseases of Fruit Crops (ICVF). Rome, June 3–8, 2012. 235 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glasa M., Prichodko Y., Zhivaeva T., Shneider Y., Predajňa L., Šubr Z., Candresse T. Complete and partial genome sequences of the unusual Plum pox virus (PPV) isolates from sour cherry in Russia suggest their classification to a new PPV strain // Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Virus and Other Transmissible Diseases of Fruit Crops (ICVF). Rome, June 3–8, 2012. 235 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glasa M., Prikhodko Y., Predajňa L., N agyová A., Shneyder Y., Zhivaeva T., Šubr Z., Cambra M., Candresse T. Characterization of sour cherry isolates of Plum pox virus from the Volga Basin in Russia reveals a new cherry strain of the virus // Phytopathology. – 2013. Vol. 103, № 9. – Р. 972–979.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glasa M., Prikhodko Y., Predajňa L., Nagyová A., Shneyder Y., Zhivaeva T., Šubr Z., Cambra M., Candresse T. Characterization of sour cherry isolates of Plum pox virus from the Volga Basin in Russia reveals a new cherry strain of the virus // Phytopathology. – 2013. Vol.103, № 9. – Р. 972–979.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glasa М., Shneyder Y., Predajna L., Zhivaeva T., P rikhodko Y. C haracterization o f R ussian Plum pox virus isolates provides further evidence of a low molecular heterogeneity within the PPV-C strain // Journal of Plant Pathology. 2014. Vol. 96, № 3. Р. 597–601.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glasa М., Shneyder Y., Predajna L., Zhivaeva T., Prikhodko Y. Characterization of Russian Plum pox virus isolates provides further evidence of a low molecular heterogeneity within the PPV-C strain // Journal of Plant Pathology. 2014. Vol.96, № 3. Р. 597–601.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hajizadeh M., Gibbs A.J., Amirnia F., Glasa M. The global phylogeny of Plum pox virus is emerging // Journal of General Virology. 2019. V ol. 100. P. 1457–1468.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hajizadeh M., Gibbs A.J., Amirnia F., Glasa M. The global phylogeny of Plum pox virus is emerging // Journal of General Virology. 2019. Vol.100. P. 1457–1468.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">James D., Varga A. Nucleotide sequence analysis of Plum pox virus isolate W3174: Evidence of a news train // Virus Research. 2004. V ol. 110. P. 143–150.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">James D., Varga A. Nucleotide sequence analysis of Plum pox virus isolate W3174: Evidence of a new strain // Virus Research. 2004. Vol.110. P. 143–150.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">James D., Varga A., Sanderson D. Genetic diversity of Plum pox virus: strains, disease and related challenges for control // Canadian J. Plant Pathol. 2013. Vol. 35. P. 431–441.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">James D., Varga A., Sanderson D. Genetic diversity of Plum pox virus: strains, disease and related challenges for control // Canadian J. Plant Pathol. 2013. Vol.35. P. 431–441.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levy L., Hadidi A. A. Simple and rapid method for processing tissue infected with Plum pox potyvirus for use with specific 3’-non-coding region RT-PCR assays // EPPO Bull. 1994. Vol. 24. P. 595–604.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levy L., Hadidi A. A. Simple and rapid method for processing tissue infected with Plum pox potyvirus for use with specific 3’-non-coding region RT-PCR assays // EPPO Bull. 1994. Vol. 24. P. 595–604.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nemchinov L ., Hadidi A. S pecific o ligonucleotide primers for the direct detection of plum pox potyvirus – cherry subgroup // J. Virol. Methods. 1998. Vol. 70. P. 231–234.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nemchinov L., Hadidi A. Specific oligonucleotide primers for the direct detection of plum pox potyvirus – cherry subgroup // J. Virol. Methods. 1998. Vol.70. P. 231–234.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prikhodko Y., Shneider Y., Zhivaeva T., Morozova O. Distribution and some biological and molecular characterization of a new PPV-CR strain//2nd Int. Symp. on Plum pox virus. – Olomouc, September 3–6, 2013a. P. 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prikhodko Y., Shneider Y., Zhivaeva T., Morozova O. Distribution and some biological and molecular characterization of a new PPV-CR strain//2nd Int. Symp. on Plum pox virus. – Olomouc, September 3–6, 2013a. P. 25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prikhodko Y., Shneider Y., Zhivaeva T., Morozova O. P PV i n R ussia: D istribution a nd s trains // Proceedings of the 2nd Int. Symp. on Plum pox virus. September 3–6, 2013, Olomouc, P. 26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prikhodko Y., Shneider Y., Zhivaeva T., Morozova O. PPV in Russia: Distribution and strains // Proceedings of the 2nd Int. Symp. on Plum pox virus. September 3–6, 2013, Olomouc, P. 26.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prikhodko Y., Shneyder Y., Zhivaeva T., Morozova O. The PPV-W strain in Russia: distribution and identification// B ook o f A bstracts 3rd I nternational Symposium on Plum pox virus. May 9–13, 2016, Antalya, Turkey, P. 45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prikhodko Y., Shneyder Y., Zhivaeva T., Morozova O. The PPV-W strain in Russia: distribution and identification// Book of Abstracts 3rd International Symposium on Plum pox virus. May 9–13, 2016, Antalya, Turkey, P. 45.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sheveleva A., Ivanov P., Prihodko Y., James D., Chirkov S. Occurrence and genetic diversity of Winonalike Plum pox virus isolates in Russia // Plant Disease. 2012. Vol. 96 (8). P. 1135–1142.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sheveleva A., Ivanov P., Prihodko Y., James D., Chirkov S. Occurrence and genetic diversity of Winona-like Plum pox virus isolates in Russia // Plant Disease. 2012. Vol.96 (8). P. 1135–1142.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sheveleva A., Kudryavtseva A., Speranskaya A., Belenikin M., Melnikova N., Chirkov S. Complete genome sequence of a novel Plum pox virus strain W isolate determined by 454 pyrosequencing // Virus Genes. 2013. Vol. 47. P. 385–388.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sheveleva A., Kudryavtseva A., Speranskaya A., Belenikin M., Melnikova N., Chirkov S. Complete genome sequence of a novel Plum pox virus strain W isolate determined by 454 pyrosequencing // Virus Genes. 2013. Vol. 47. P. 385–388.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shneyder Y., Thihomirova M., Morozova O., Zhivaeva T., Prikhodko Y. The first detection of Plum pox virus in Western Siberia // Proceedings of the 24th International C onference o n V irus a nd O ther G raft Transmissible Diseases of Fruit Crops, Thessaloniki, Greece, 2017, P. 120.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shneyder Y., Thihomirova M., Morozova O., Zhivaeva T., Prikhodko Y. The first detection of Plum pox virus in Western Siberia // Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Virus and Other Graft Transmissible Diseases of Fruit Crops, Thessaloniki, Greece, 2017, P. 120.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Subr Z., Pittnerova S., Glasa M. A simplified RT-PCR-based detection of recombinant Plum pox virus isolates // Acta Virologica. 2004. Vol. 48. P. 173–176.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Subr Z., Pittnerova S., Glasa M. A simplified RT-PCR-based detection of recombinant Plum pox virus isolates // Acta Virologica. 2004. Vol.48. P. 173–176.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Szemes M., Kalman M., Verta A., Boscia D., Nemrth M., Kolber M., Dorgai L. Integrated RT-PCR/ nested PCR diagnosis for differentiating between subgroups of plum pox virus // Journal of Virological Methods. 2001. Vol. 92. P. 165–175.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Szemes M., Kalman M., Verta A., Boscia D., Nemrth M., Kolber M., Dorgai L. Integrated RT-PCR/ nested PCR diagnosis for differentiating between subgroups of plum pox virus // Journal of Virological Methods. 2001. Vol.92. P. 165–175.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wetzel T., Candresse T., Ravelonandro M., Dunez J. A polymerase chain reaction assay adapted to plum pox potyvirus detection // Journal of Virological Methods. 1991. Vol. 33. P. 355–365.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wetzel T., Candresse T., Ravelonandro M., Dunez J. A polymerase chain reaction assay adapted to plum pox potyvirus detection // Journal of Virological Methods. 1991. Vol.33. P. 355–365.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">EPPO, 2024. Plum pox virus // EPPO datasheets on pests recommended for regulation URL: https://gd.eppo.int.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">EPPO, 2024. Plum pox virus // EPPO datasheets on pests recommended for regulation URL: https://gd.eppo.int.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
